Hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom kawg. Kev tswj kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw muaj kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sim tsim los xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab cov qauv. Kab lus no yuav ua kom tob tob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas ntawm ntau yam khoom siv raw, suav nrog Q195 steel thiab stainless hlau xws li 201, 304 thiab 316. Peb tseem yuav tshawb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj xyuas bandwidth, thickness, hardness, thiab ua cov tensile kev ntsuam xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no.

## Nkag siab cov ntaub ntawv raw

Cov khoom siv raw yog cov khoom siv yooj yim siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos muaj xws li hlau thiab yas mus rau cov khoom sib xyaw thiab ceramics. Ntawm lawv, steel yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws vim nws lub zog, durability thiab versatility. Cov qib sib txawv ntawm cov hlau, xws li Q195 thiab ntau qib stainless hlau, muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv haum rau kev siv sib txawv.

Q195 steel

Q195 yog cov pa roj carbon tsawg uas feem ntau siv los tsim cov xaim, cov kav dej, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Nws yog lub npe hu rau nws zoo weldability thiab formability, ua rau nws yog ib tug nrov kev xaiv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab manufacturing industries. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau xyuas kom meej tias Q195 steel ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim nyog, nws yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam xyuas kom zoo.

### Stainless hlau qib: 201, 304 thiab 316

Stainless hlau yog lwm yam khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion, xws li kev ua zaub mov, tshuaj, thiab kev siv marine. Cov qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm stainless hlau muaj xws li 201, 304, thiab 316, txhua tus muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb:

- ** 201 Stainless Steel **: Qib no paub txog nws qhov kev tiv thaiv oxidation zoo thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Nws tsis tshua kim dua li lwm cov hlau tsis muaj steel, tab sis yuav tsis ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive heev.

- ** 304 Stainless Steel **: Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov qib siv dav tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel vim nws cov corrosion kuj zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv zoo. Nws yog feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, kev ua zaub mov, thiab cov thawv ntim tshuaj.

- ** 316 Stainless Steel **: Paub txog nws qhov tshwj xeeb corrosion tsis kam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tshuaj chlorides, 316 stainless hlau feem ntau yog siv rau hauv marine daim ntaub ntawv thiab ib puag ncig uas nquag raug rau cov tshuaj hnyav.

## Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo

Kev tswj kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim khoom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog ntau qhov kev kuaj xyuas tseem ceeb thiab kuaj, suav nrog:

### 1. Txheeb xyuas qhov bandwidth thiab tuab

Qhov dav thiab tuab ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom kawg. Piv txwv li, nrog cov ntawv hlau lossis cov ntawv txheeb, cov tuab yuav tsum ua kom zoo ib yam kom ntseeg tau tias muaj zog thiab ua haujlwm ntev. Txhua qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog hauv cov qauv, uas yuav ua rau tsis ua haujlwm thaum siv.

Thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam, manufacturers siv calipers thiab micrometers kom raug ntsuas cov thickness ntawm cov khoom. Txoj siv dav kuj raug ntsuas los xyuas kom meej tias nws ua tau raws li qhov ntev. Txhua qhov tsis sib xws yuav tsum tau daws ua ntej cov khoom raug pom zoo siv.

### 2. Hardness test

Hardness yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom tsis kam rau deformation thiab hnav. Hardness yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab lub zog. Ntau yam kev sim hardness, xws li Rockwell, Brinell, thiab Vickers, tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab hardness ntawm raw khoom.

Piv txwv li, Q195 steel tej zaum yuav hardness kuaj xyuas kom nws ua tau raws li cov specifications yuav tsum tau rau nws npaj siv. Ib yam li ntawd, 201, 304 thiab 316 stainless hlau qib kuj yuav tsum tau kuaj hardness kom paub meej tias lawv cov qib hardness, uas cuam tshuam rau lawv cov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive.

### 3. Tensile xeem

Kev ntsuas tensile yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj cov khoom zoo. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no ntsuas lub zog thiab ductility ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev siv lub zog tensile kom txog thaum cov khoom tawg. Cov txiaj ntsig tau muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog cov khoom siv lub zog, qhov kawg tensile lub zog, thiab elongation.

Piv txwv li, kev ntsuas tensile ntawm Q195 steel pab txiav txim siab nws qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv cov qauv, thaum kuaj cov qib stainless hlau tuaj yeem paub meej tias nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev ntxhov siab hauv ntau qhov chaw. Cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm kev ntsuas tensile yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom yuav ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hauv daim ntawv thov.

## hauv kev xaus

Kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv zoo xws li Q195 steel thiab 201, 304 thiab 316 qib stainless hlau, cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov teeb meem muaj peev xwm ua ntej lawv dhau los ua teeb meem loj. Kev tshuaj xyuas bandwidth, thickness, hardness thiab kev ntsuas tensile yog txhua yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Thaum kawg, kev tswj xyuas zoo tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov khoom, tab sis kuj txhawb nqa kev vam meej tag nrho ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam. Raws li kev lag luam txuas ntxiv mus, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom zoo tswj yuav nyob twj ywm lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim khoom zoo.